Poov xab Beta-glucan

Poov xab Beta-glucan yog dab tsi?

Poov xab Beta Glucan (YBG) yog ib txwm tshwm sim ua complex polysaccharide (aka carbohydrate) uas yog ib hom fiber ntau. YBG yog muab los ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm tes ntawm cov neeg ua mov ci cov poov xab uas yog lub npe hu ua Saccharomyces cerevisiae1.

YBG "primes" lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm kev ua kom muaj zog thiab txhim kho ntau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob *2-5. Qhov no nyob rau hauv lem txhawb lub zog tiv thaiv kab mob los tiv thaiv kab mob thiab txhawb kev tiv thaiv kab mob tag nrho.

YBG, thaum muab tso rau hauv kev noj haus, tau pom nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam kom txo tau qhov tshwm sim thiab cov tsos mob ntawm Upper Respiratory Tract Inflections (URTIs) 3,4. Cov tib neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas raug URTIs ntau dua, muaj tsawg dua thiab tsawg dua.

Qhov zoo ntawm Poov xab Beta-glucans

Vim Li Cas Xaiv Peb

Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Beta Glucans?

Oats. Nceb. Poov xab. Nws zoo li ib daim ntawv teev khoom noj rau cov khoom noj khoom haus tshiab. Dab tsi tag nrho cov khoom xyaw no muaj sib xws yog tias lawv yog hom beta glucan. Tab sis qhov zoo sib xws yuav xaus rau ntawd. Tsis tsuas yog peb hom no txawv ntawm qib molecular, tab sis lawv muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub cev thiab. Txawm hais tias txhua hom beta glucan no tuaj yeem muab cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv, cov txiaj ntsig sib txawv, nyob ntawm seb hom beta glucan.

Lwm Txoj Haujlwm ntawm Poov Beta Glucan

Kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob
Kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob ntawm cov poov xab beta glucan yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev txhim kho hematopoietic muaj nuj nqi. Poov beta glucan tuaj yeem txhim kho kev tsim cov qe ntshav, suav nrog granulocytes, monocytes, thiab cov qe ntshav liab, uas zoo heev rau lub cev kom rov qab los ntawm hluav taws xob.

Nourish thiab moisturize ntawm daim tawv nqaij
Poov beta glucan boosts lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm activating macrophages xws li Lang lub hlwb. Activated Langhorne hlwb secrete yam uas ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm fibrocytes (skin cells) thiab synthesis ntawm daim tawv nqaij matrix (collagen, elastin, proteoglycan, thiab lwm yam), ua rau cov tawv nqaij supple thiab kev sib tw.

Quasi-kev noj haus fiber ntau
Poov beta glucan, khoom noj khoom haus tshiab, yog ib qho nyuaj rau zom rau hauv lub plab zom mov ntawm tib neeg lub cev, yog li nws muaj fiber ntau zoo li. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov poov xab beta glucan tuaj yeem txo qis tib neeg triglyceride ntau ntau, txo qis LDL (low-density lipoprotein) qib, thiab nce HDL (high-density lipoprotein) qib, tiv thaiv tib neeg cov ntaub so ntswg.

Txoj hnyuv noj qab haus huv
Poov beta glucan tuaj yeem kho cov microecology ntawm lub plab zom mov, proliferate cov kab mob uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab tshem tawm cov teeb meem hauv plab hnyuv. Thaum tib neeg lub cev nyob rau hauv lub xeev kev noj qab haus huv tau ntev, nws yuav mob. Nws xav tau kev noj zaub mov zoo los kho lub xeev kev noj qab haus huv. Poov xab beta glucan tuaj yeem ua rau lub xeev kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tib neeg lub cev, txhawb nws kom muaj kev noj qab haus huv lub xeev hloov pauv, thiab ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsim nyog rau txhua lub hnub nyoog.

Cov zaub mov saj
Kev siv cov poov xab beta glucan rau hauv cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov saj ntawm cov zaub mov. Nws muaj cov rog zoo li saj thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom noj tsis muaj calorie, ua cov rog hloov hauv kev tsim cov khoom noj uas muaj calorie tsawg, cheese analogs, thiab cov khoom qab zib khov zoo li ice cream, thiab ua lub teeb tonic hauv feem ntau. cov khoom noj nqaij xws li hnyuv ntxwm, nqaij npuas kib, thiab cov dev kub.

Txoj kev Extraction ntawm Yeast Beta-glucan

Acid-base method
Mannaners et al. thawj zaug siv cov kua qaub-puag kom rho tawm glucan los ntawm cov poov xab, thiab tom qab Williamms li al. txhim kho, txoj kev no tau tsim cov txheej txheem ruaj khov. Cov txheej txheem kho alkali kawm los ntawm Chung et al. yog raws li nram no: tshem tawm 80 g ntawm poov xab phab ntsa hauv 1000 mL ntawm 4% NaOH tov, incubate ntawm 95 degree rau 1 h, thiab centrifuge; tshem tawm cov teeb meem insoluble hauv 2000 mL ntawm 3% NaOH tov, thiab incubate ntawm 75 degree rau 3 h. centrifuge; tshem tawm cov teeb meem insoluble hauv dej distilled, kho cov pH rau 4.5 nrog hydrochloric acid, incubate ntawm 75 degree rau 1 teev, centrifuge, ntxuav nrog dej, dehydrate thiab qhuav kom tau cov poov xab glucan. Thaum kho cov kua qaub, kev xaiv cov kua qaub muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm glucan. Yog tias acidity tsis muaj zog heev, tshem tawm cov kua qaub-soluble glycogen thiab -1, 6-glucan yuav tsis ua tiav. Yog tias cov acidity muaj zog heev, alkali-insoluble glucan yuav degraded thiab tawm los yuav raug txo. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub pH hloov mus rau 4.5 nrog acetic acid, cov nyhuv zoo.

Txoj kev Enzymatic
Txoj kev acid-base yog ceev thiab ua tau zoo. Txawm hais tias nws tuaj yeem tau txais cov khoom lag luam glucan siab, nws yuav tsum muaj ntau cov kua qaub thiab alkali, ua rau muaj kuab paug ib puag ncig, yuav tsum tau siv cov kuab tshuaj organic, thiab ua rau qee yam kev puas tsuaj rau glucan molecules. Txhawm rau kov yeej qhov tsis txaus no, cov kws tshawb fawb hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws tau siv cov txheej txheem me me los rho cov poov xab beta glucan. Freimund et al. siv txoj kev enzyme los kho cov poov xab ntawm phab ntsa los npaj cov poov xab beta glucan: noj 1.3kg poov xab cell phab ntsa thiab ntxiv 8.8L dej, kho pH =7.0, khaws Sh ntawm 125 degree, ntxuav ob zaug tom qab. centrifugation, ntxiv dej rau 10L rau insoluble teeb meem, ces siv alkali protease --Savinase enzyme kev kho mob rau 5 teev, centrifuged, ntxuav, qhuav thiab ntxuav nrog ethanol los yog acetone kom tau ib tug qauv glucan uas muaj ntau tshaj 85% . Tang Zhou et al. siv enzyme-alkali ua ke txoj kev los rho cov poov xab cell phab ntsa, kho autolyzed poov xab nrog papain rau 18 teev, sau cov precipitate, thiab kho nws nrog 2% NaOH rau 3 teev ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab tau txais cov polysaccharide cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov qauv yog tshaj 87. %, thiab yield yog 10%. Zhao Guangyuan thiab al kho cov phab ntsa ntawm cov poov xab nrog protease ntawm 57 degree rau 24h, tom qab ntawd kho cov centrifuged sediment nrog 2% NaOH ntawm 60 degree rau 3.5h, centrifuged, ntxuav, thiab qhuav kom tau cov poov xab glucan kuaj. Enzyme kev kho mob ntawm cov poov xab cell phab ntsa tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov protein ntau, yog li txo cov concentration thiab kev siv cov alkali tom qab, ua rau cov qauv molecular ntawm cov poov xab glucan khoom tiav. Cov qauv molecular ntawm glucan yog ze ze rau nws txoj haujlwm lom neeg. Yog li ntawd, txoj kev enzymatic yog tsim nyog rau kev rho tawm thiab purification ntawm loj-scale poov xab beta glucan.

Lwm txoj kev
Ntxiv nrog rau cov txheej txheem cov kua qaub-puag thiab cov txheej txheem enzymatic, qee cov kws tshawb fawb kuj tseem siv lwm txoj hauv kev los tsim cov poov xab beta glucan cov khoom uas muaj purity ntau dua. Japanese Ohno et al. siv sodium hypochlorite ncaj qha kho cov poov xab cell phab ntsa, siv 0.5% mus rau 2% sodium hypochlorite tov los kho cov poov xab cell phab ntsa ntawm chav tsev kub rau ntau tshaj 5 teev, thiab tau high-purity poov xab glucan khoom nrog ib tug yield ntau tshaj 20%. Yanjun et al. kuj siv tib txoj kev los kho cov poov xab cell phab ntsa kom tau cov poov xab glucan khoom nrog purity siab dua. Txawm hais tias txoj kev no tuaj yeem tau txais cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov poov xab beta glucan, cov nyhuv ntawm cov oxidants muaj zog ntawm cov qauv molecular ntawm glucan yuav tsum tau kawm ntxiv los tshawb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm nws txoj haujlwm physiological.