Monosaccharides, oligosaccharides thiab polysaccharides txawv li cas? Dab tsi yog cov khoom rau kev tshawb nrhiav oligosaccharide?
Hauv kev txiav txim siab dav, cov suab thaj tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg: monosaccharides, oligosaccharides thiab polysaccharides: monosaccharides yog cov suab thaj uas tsim los ntawm ib qho qab zib molecules, xws li qabzib thiab fructose; oligosaccharides yog oligosaccharides, uas yog tsim los ntawm ntau lub monosaccharides los ntawm covalent Bonds yog txuas, xws li trisaccharides, tetrasaccharides, thiab lwm yam.; polysaccharides yog tsim los ntawm ntau cov monosaccharides txuas los ntawm covalent bonds rau hauv qab zib molecular chains, xws li cellulose, chitin, thiab lwm yam.
Monosaccharides yog polyhydroxy aldehyde thiab ketone compounds. Lawv muaj cov qauv suab thaj ywj pheej thiab yog cov suab thaj sib xyaw uas tsis tuaj yeem hydrolyzed rau hauv cov chav me me. Monosaccharide compounds yog tag nrho cov crystalline, soluble hauv dej, thiab qee qhov muaj qab zib, xws li qabzib, fructose, galactose, thiab lwm yam.
Cov tshuaj uas muaj peev xwm tsim tau ntau (2 txog 20) monosaccharides tom qab hydrolysis yog sib sau ua ke hu ua oligosaccharides. Oligosaccharides uas tuaj yeem tsim peb lub monosaccharides tom qab hydrolysis hu ua trisaccharides. Raws li tus naj npawb ntawm carbon atoms muaj nyob rau hauv lub monosaccharide molecule, lawv tuaj yeem hu ua triose, tetose, pentose, hexose, heptose, thiab lwm yam. Tom qab hydrolysis, saccharides nrog ntau dua 20 monosaccharide molecules hu ua polysaccharides, xws li cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab cellulose. Polysaccharides yog unsweetened thiab nyob rau hauv hmoov daim ntawv. Cov suab thaj uas muaj aldehyde pawg hu ua aldoses, thiab cov suab thaj uas muaj ketone pawg hu ua ketoses. Hauv qhov xwm txheej, aldose thiab ketose muaj ntau dua hauv pentoses thiab hexoses, xws li ribose thiab arabinose yog aldohexose, qabzib yog aldohexose.
Oligosaccharide yog ib hom tshiab ntawm cov piam thaj ua haujlwm. Oligosaccharide integrates khoom noj khoom haus, kev kho mob thiab kev noj haus kev kho mob. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov, cov khoom kho mob, dej haus, tshuaj, pub additives thiab lwm yam teb.
Oligosaccharides: chitosan oligosaccharides, mannose oligosaccharides, fructooligosaccharides, galactomannose oligosaccharides, isomalt oligosaccharides, oligolactose, oligoxylose, -oligoglucose, ideside-oligosaccharides, thiab lwm yam.
Monosaccharides: qabzib, fructose, rhamnose, mannose, fucose, galactose, thiab lwm yam.
Disaccharides: sucrose, trehalose, lactose, maltose, thiab lwm yam.
Polysaccharides: hmoov txhuv nplej siab, glucan, hiav txwv dib polysaccharide, wolfberry polysaccharide, bagan, fucoidan, thiab lwm yam.
Lwm lub cev thiab tshuaj: kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov ntsiab lus cellulose, kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov ntsiab lus hemicellulose, kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov ntsiab lus lignin, kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov ntsiab lus chitin, thiab lwm yam.
Kev txheeb xyuas ntau yam: zaub mov, nroj tsuag, tsiaj txhu, kab mob, rho tawm, thiab lwm yam.
